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Can Kidney Stones Cause Nitrites In Urine

Urine Therapy: Is Drinking Your Own Pee Good For You

Diet Tips to Prevent Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stones

Urine therapy, or urotherapy, is a type of alternative medicine in which people use or ingest their own urine for medicinal purposes. But there is no scientific evidence that urine therapy provides medicinal value.

When you drink urine, you ingest all the waste that your kidneys have filtered out of your body. Therefore, drinking urine can make your urine more concentrated with waste, causing dehydration and kidney damage. So drinking your urine is generally not recommended as a survival technique.

Usd Relevance Of The Microbiota

A number of conditions, including obesity, childhood onset asthma, and cardiovascular disease are associated with disruptions to the microbiotathe microbes that inhabit the human body . In USD, most published microbiota research papers have focused on the intestinal flora. For example, intestinal colonization with Oxalobacter formigenes, which degrades oxalate, is associated with lower urine oxalate levels and fewer recurrent stones; though a protective effect of exogenous Oxalobacter remains unconfirmed . Emerging evidence indicates that bacteria are present in and contribute to vascular calcifications . Therefore, it is possible that bacteria also are present in and contribute to urinary calcifications.

How Is The Test Used

The urinalysis is a set of screening tests that can detect some common diseases. It may be used to screen for and/or help diagnose conditions such as a urinary tract infections, kidney disorders, liver problems, diabetes or other metabolic conditions, to name a few.

A urinalysis is comprised of several chemical, microscopic and visual examinations used to detect cells, cell fragments and substances such as crystals or casts in the urine associated with the various conditions listed above. It can detect abnormalities that might require follow-up investigation and additional testing. Often, substances such as protein or glucose will begin to appear in the urine before people are aware that they may have a problem.

In people diagnosed with diseases or conditions, such as kidney disease or diabetes, the urinalysis may be used in conjunction with other tests, such as urine albumin, to follow treatment.

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Questions To Ask Your Doctor

  • How can I tell the difference between bladder stones and kidney stones?
  • Are bladder stones a risk factor for bladder cancer?
  • Can I treat of the pain of bladder stones with over-the-counter medicine?
  • If I have bladder stones once, am I more likely to get them again?
  • Are bladder stones hereditary?
  • Are bladder stones more difficult for pregnant people?

Where Are The Kidneys Located

Urosepsis: Symptoms, treatment, and complications

The kidneys are located on either side of the body underneath the diaphragm near the lower back. Each kidney is connected to the bladder in the pelvis by ureters that drain the urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Urine stored in the bladder is excreted from the body through the urethra. Collectively, these structures make up what is called the urinary tract.

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How To Diagnose Urinary Tract Infection

A proposed strategy to diagnose UTI is shown in and . The interpretation of urine analysis and culture tests is entirely dependent on the quality of the urine samples submitted for examination and the conditions of transport to the laboratory.

Fig. 1.

Diagnostic algorithm for symptomatic UTI. CFU/ml, colony-forming units per millilitre of urine.

What Is Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis is a big word that refers to several diseases that cause kidney injury. That monstrous word takes its name from the glomeruli, the tiny filters the kidneys use to clean your blood of waste.

These diseases are divided into two types: acute and chronic. Acute kidney injury comes on suddenly, and can be caused by throat and skin infections, as well as other disorders. It may get better all by itself, but it may also cause your kidneys to stop working without proper medical treatment. There are several symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis:

  • Less frequent urination

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What Is Urine Test For

A urine test may be conducted as part of a routine physical examination. Sometimes it is ordered by the doctors to specifically

  • Check for any disease or infection of the urinary tract that includes the kidneys, the ureters, which are tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder, and the urinary bladder. The urinary tract also includes the urethra, which is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body, as mentioned above.
  • To evaluate the effects of the treatment of conditions such as diabetes, a urinary tract infection or UTI, kidney stones,hypertension and some diseases of the kidney and liver.

A Pharmacist Can Help With Utis

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You can ask a pharmacist about treatments for a UTI. A pharmacist can:

  • offer advice on things that can help you get better
  • suggest the best painkiller to take
  • tell you if you need to see a GP about your symptoms

Some pharmacies offer a UTI management service and can prescribe antibiotics if they’re needed.

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Bacteria Can Be Sequenced From Urinary Stones

In 2015, we published a microbial study of five kidney stones along with both upper tract urine and bladder urine obtained during the stone removal procedures . The patients ages were between 12 and 29 years; four of them had documented CaOx stones .

In each stone, 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified multiple bacteria. Some of these bacteria were expected and consistent with historical stone cultures and/or past sequencing reports of human urine . Expected bacteria included Pseudomonas, Gardnerella, Lactobacillus and Enterobactericeae, a large family that includes E. coli . Other bacteria were unexpectedly detected, particularly Brucella . Despite our best efforts, we were unable to successfully complete targeted sequencing of this organism and thus cannot confirm its identity. However, we speculate that it was actually Ochrobactrum, a close relative of Brucella that is often indistinguishable from Brucella by 16S sequencing . Intriguingly, Ochrobactrum has been identified in the urine .

From each individual, the bacteria detected by sequencing were often similar in the stone and urine samples, but the relative proportions differed. For example, in one individual, both Enterbactericeae and Gardnerella were identified in the stone and bladder urine. However, this was not always true, as Enterobactericeae dominated another individuals stone while Gardnerella dominated their urine .

Urinalysis Or Urine Test Results Interpretation

Interpretation of urinalysis is generally based on reviewing all the components of the test and correlating it with the physical examination and symptoms of the patient. The urine results are reviewed and interpreted by the doctor who ordered the test.

The Urine Test or a Urinalysis Consists of Three Parts. They are

  • Physical or Visual Examination of the Urine
  • Microscopic Examination
  • Dipstick Test
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    Cystitis In The Elderly

    Robert, an 81-year-old widower with early onset Alzheimers, was recently moved to a nursing home because he was having difficulty living on his own. Within a few weeks of his arrival, he developed a fever and began to experience pain associated with urination. He also began having episodes of confusion and delirium. The doctor assigned to examine Robert read his file and noticed that Robert was treated for prostatitis several years earlier. When he asked Robert how often he had been urinating, Robert explained that he had been trying not to drink too much so that he didnt have to walk to the restroom.

    All of this evidence suggests that Robert likely has a urinary tract infection. Roberts age means that his immune system has probably begun to weaken, and his previous prostate condition may be making it difficult for him to empty his bladder. In addition, Roberts avoidance of fluids has led to dehydration and infrequent urination, which may have allowed an infection to establish itself in his urinary tract. The fever and dysuria are common signs of a UTI in patients of all ages, and UTIs in elderly patients are often accompanied by a notable decline in mental function.

    • Why is it important to identify the causative agent in a UTI?
    • Should the doctor prescribe a broad-spectrum or narrow-spectrum antibiotic to treat Roberts UTI? Why?

    How Is Hematuria Treated

    Urinalysis

    If your hematuria is caused by an infection, like a urinary tract infection , hematuria is treated with antibiotics. Your healthcare provider will test your urine after treating you with antibiotics to make sure that your infection has cleared. The goal of your healthcare provider is to find the cause of blood in your urine.; If no serious condition is causing hematuria, no treatment is needed.

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    What Do The Results Mean

    If there are nitrites in your urine, it may mean that you have a UTI. However, even if no nitrites are found, you still may have an infection, because bacteria don’t always change nitrates into nitrites. If you have symptoms of a UTI, your health care provider will also look at other results of your urinalysis, especially the white blood cell count. A high white blood cell count in urine is another possible sign of an infection. To learn what your results mean, talk to your health care provider.

    Learn more about laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding results.

    Why Is There Blood In My Urine

    Blood in urine, also known as hematuria, occurs when red blood cells leak from your urinary tract. Blood in urine can indicate that you have an undiagnosed or untreated medical condition.

    Sometimes blood in urine is visible, appearing clotlike or turning the urine pink, red, or brown. Other times it can be viewed only with a microscope .

    Conditions that cause blood in urine can include:

    If you notice or suspect blood in your urine, contact your healthcare provider as soon as possible. Your doctor will conduct a urinalysis and various other tests to determine the cause of the bleeding and any appropriate treatment.

    Learn More About What Blood in Urine Can Mean

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    Can You Take A Urine Test On Your Period

    While menstruation is not a contraindication for a urine test, it is best to take the advice of a doctor before you take the urine test during menstruation. The doctor might want you to wait for a few days to conduct the test or start the treatment for any disease based on your history and physical examination, without conducting the urine test.

    However, if your symptoms are severe and indicative of any kidney disease, such as frequent urination, painful urination, dizziness, swelling of the face, hands, and feet, and shortness of breath. The doctor may advise you to undergo a urine test during the period is right away to help diagnose the underlying cause of the symptoms.

    Women undergoing menstruation should take extra care while collecting the urine sample for a urine test. Because the vagina and the urethra lie very close to each other. It makes it difficult to collect a urine sample without contaminating it with menstrual blood.

    As mentioned earlier, the contamination of the urine sample with menstrual blood will lead to a false positive diagnosis and might lead the doctor to conclude that there is some damage in the urinary system, if hes unaware of your menstruation.

    Treatment From A Gp For Utis That Keep Coming Back

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    If your UTI comes back after treatment, you may have a urine test and be prescribed different antibiotics.

    Your doctor or nurse will also offer advice on how to prevent UTIs.

    If you keep getting UTIs and regularly need treatment, a GP may give you a repeat prescription for antibiotics.

    If you have been through the menopause, you may be offered a vaginal cream containing oestrogen.

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    Positive Leukocytes Means Kidney Stones

    Ask U.S. doctors your own question and get educational, text answers â it’s anonymous and free!

    Ask U.S. doctors your own question and get educational, text answers â it’s anonymous and free!

    HealthTap doctors are based in the U.S., board certified, and available by text or video.

    Why Does My Pee Smell Funny

    If your pee smells unusual, there may be several reasons. Vitamins can change the smell of urine, and so can pharmaceuticals. Certain foods are infamous for making pee smell stronger, such as asparagus, Brussels sprouts, garlic, coffee, and foods with lots of vitamin B-6 such as bananas and salmon. Also, if you aren’t drinking enough water your pee can smell stronger than usual.

    Serious health problems can also affect the smell of urine. Infections in the bladder or kidneys, diabetes, and liver failure can all influence the smell. These problems leave a persistent smell, so if your urine changes odor and it stays that way no matter what you eat, tell your doctor.

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    How Is The Sample Collected For Testing

    One to two ounces of urine is collected in a clean container. A sufficient sample is required for accurate results.

    Urine for a urinalysis can be collected at any time. In some cases, a first morning sample may be requested because it is more concentrated and more likely to detect abnormalities.

    Sometimes, you may be asked to collect a clean-catch urine sample. For this, it is important to clean the genital area before collecting the urine. Bacteria and cells from the surrounding skin can contaminate the sample and interfere with the interpretation of test results. With women, menstrual blood and vaginal secretions can also be a source of contamination. Women should spread the labia of the vagina and clean from front to back; men should wipe the tip of the penis. Start to urinate, let some urine fall into the toilet, then collect one to two ounces of urine in the container provided, then void the rest into the toilet.

    A urine sample will only be useful for a urinalysis if taken to the healthcare providers office or laboratory for processing within a short period of time. If it will be longer than an hour between collection and transport time, then the urine should be refrigerated or a preservative may be added.

    Bacteria Yeast And Parasites

    What Does Each Part of the Dipstick Test Mean?

    In healthy people, the urinary tract is sterile and, if the urine sample is collected as a clean-catch sample, there will be no microbes seen in the urine sediment under the microscope. Special care must be taken during specimen collection, particularly in women, to prevent bacteria that normally live on the skin or in vaginal secretions from contaminating the urine sample.

    If microbes are seen, they are usually reported as few,moderate, or many present per high power field .

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    Lower Vs Upper Urinary Tract Infection

    Differentiation between lower and upper UTI is important because renal involvement is associated with more severe complications. The clinical presentation of a patient gives important hints to distinguish between lower and upper UTI. Usually, no alterations of acute phase reactants are found in patients with lower UTI and body temperature is below 38°C. Upper UTI causes elevation of inflammatory parameters such as C-reactive protein or leukocytosis and fever. Diagnostic procedures to accurately localize UTI are invasive and not without risk . A variety of non-invasive methods have been proposed to distinguish between lower and upper UTI, particularly recent contributions of renal nuclear medicine . In clinical practice monitoring of bacteriuria may help to differentiate at least retrospectively between lower and upper UTI. For example, if bacteriuria is gone after 1-day or short-term treatment, the diagnosis of lower UTI is likely. In a recent publication urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase , a lysosomal enzyme present in the proximal convoluted tubule, has been used to differentiate between lower and upper UTI. Urinary NAG excretion was significantly higher in patients with upper than lower UTI or healthy adults .

    What Is The Prognosis For Changes In Urine

    Changes in urine are usually the result of harmless diet or medicine changes and should not be a cause for concern. Changes caused by underlying conditions such as urinary tract infections or kidney stones should resolve as the underlying cause is treated. In this case, the changes can be seen as a symptom that helped to diagnose a larger problem and may even be beneficial for bringing the cause to your doctors attention.

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    Things You Can Do Yourself

    To help ease pain:

    • takeparacetamolup to 4 times a day to reduce pain and a high temperature for people with a UTI, paracetamol is usually recommended over NSAIDs such as ibuprofen or aspirin
    • you can give childrenliquid paracetamol
    • rest and drink enough fluids so you pass pale urine regularly during the day, especially during hot weather

    It’s important to follow the instructions on the packet so you know how much paracetamol you or your child can take, and how often.

    It may also help to avoid having sex until you feel better.

    You cannot pass a UTI on to your partner, but sex may be uncomfortable.

    Taking cystitis sachets or cranberry products has not been shown to help ease symptoms of UTIs.

    Pressure Or Pain In The Lower Back

    Do kidney stones cause blood in urine? – Dr. Vidyashankar Panchangam

    In some cases, a stone may become stuck in the ureter. The ureter is the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder. A blockage here causes urine to back up in the kidney, resulting in pressure and pain sensations in the lower back. These symptoms may occur on the left or right side, depending on which kidney is affected.

    According to the University of Chicago, pain or pressure are usually the first signs of a kidney stone. In some cases, the symptoms may be very subtle and build up slowly. In other cases, they may come on suddenly, with no early warning signs. This pain can be severe and may lead to nausea or vomiting, or both. People often experience sharp, stabbing pain, and common measures such as rest or lying down do not relieve it.

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