Clinical Relevance: Variation In Arterial Supply To The Kidney
The kidneys present a great variety in arterial supply these variations may be explained by the ascending course of the kidney in the retroperitoneal space, from the original embryological site of formation to the final destination . During this course, the kidneys are supplied by consecutive branches of the iliac vessels and the aorta.
Usually the lower branches become atrophic and vanish while new, higher ones supply the kidney during its ascent. Accessory arteries are common . An accessory artery is any supernumerary artery that reaches the kidney. If a supernumerary artery does not enter the kidney through the hilum, it is called aberrant.
When To See A Doctor For Kidney Pain
Kidney pain that you feel in your middle back or that radiates to your abdomen or groin is usually an indicator of a serious health condition.
According to Dr. Charles Patrick Davis, you should visit your doctor promptly if you suspect kidney pain. Some of the warning signs of kidney disease or problems are:
- Sharp flank pain that comes on suddenly
- A dull, constant one-sided pain in your back or side
- Blood in your urine
What Else Do Kidneys Do
Kidneys are always busy. Besides filtering the blood and balancing fluids every second during the day, the kidneys constantly react to hormones that the brain sends them. Kidneys even make some of their own hormones. For example, the kidneys produce a hormone that tells the body to make red blood cells.
Now you know what the kidneys do and how important they are. Maybe next Valentine’s Day, instead of the same old heart, you can give your parents a special card featuring the kidneys!
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Right Side Pain In Males
The cause of right abdominal pain in men may be different from that in women.These reasons mainly include urinary tract infections and chronic diseases.
1. Hernia
A hernia is a tear in the muscle or tissue that causes the organ to bulge out and hits the abdomen wall. Hernias can cause lower abdominal pain in men. The pain usually occurs in the groin and upper thigh area. It can also cause swelling beneath your abdominal skin, accompanied by pain around the lump.
If you notice a bulge in your abdomen and experience other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, fever, and chronic abdominal pain, seek emergency care. Early medical attention and changes in lifestyle will minimize symptoms. But the only effective way to treat a hernia is through surgery.
Pregnancy And Kidney Pain
Pregnancy can sometimes cause kidney pain. Being pregnant puts you at a greater risk of developing a urinary tract infection or blood clots all which can cause a sensation of pain in your middle back.
Dr. Melissa Conrad Stöppler on MedicineNet, says that during pregnancy the uterus becomes enlarged and the urine flows slower. You could even experience vesicoureteral reflux where urine flows back up the urinary tract. This means that it is easier for bacteria to enter the urinary tract and spread the infection to the kidneys.14
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Kidney And Urinary System Parts And Their Functions
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Two kidneys. This pair of purplish-brown organs is located below the ribs toward the middle of the back. Their function is to:
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Remove waste products and drugs from the body
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Balance the body’s fluids
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Release hormones to regulate blood pressure
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Control production of red blood cells
The kidneys remove urea from the blood through tiny filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron consists of a ball formed of small blood capillaries, called a glomerulus, and a small tube called a renal tubule. Urea, together with water and other waste substances, forms the urine as it passes through the nephrons and down the renal tubules of the kidney.
Two sphincter muscles. These circular muscles help keep urine from leaking by closing tightly like a rubber band around the opening of the bladder.
Nerves in the bladder. The nerves alert a person when it is time to urinate, or empty the bladder.
Urethra. This tube allows urine to pass outside the body. The brain signals the bladder muscles to tighten, which squeezes urine out of the bladder. At the same time, the brain signals the sphincter muscles to relax to let urine exit the bladder through the urethra. When all the signals occur in the correct order, normal urination occurs.
Specific Symptoms Of Kidney Stones:
Kidney stones are created by extra salts and minerals getting stuck together in the process of making urine. They can be tiny and not even noticeable but when they are large they can cause a lot of pain.
If the stone is small enough the stone can be passed at home. If the pain is too intense you should seek out your doctor.
Specific treatment:
- Water
- Pain medications
- Shock wave treatment- the idea of this treatment is to break up larger stones so they will pass easier.
- Ureteroscopy- This is when they enter the urethra with a tube containing a clamp which will grab and remove the stones.
Specific Symptoms are:
- Pain during urination in the back.
- Severe back or groin pain
- Vomiting
- Nausea
You can help prevent kidney stones by not eating excessive amounts of protein or sodium. Also chocolate and dark green vegetables can cause issues. Lastly always be sure to drink plenty of water.
Picture 5 : Where the kidney stone is created and how far it has to pass.Image Source : images.medicinenet.com
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Kidney Location From The Back Side Of The Human Body
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Kidney Location From The Back Side Of The Human Body
In this image, you may find Kidney Location From The Back Side Of The Human Body in it.
The kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped organs found in vertebrates. The kidneys are some of the most important organs. Every healthy human body has two kidneys, the left and the right. Each kidney is about four or five inches long.
Kidney Location: The kidneys lie retroperitoneally in the abdomen, either side of the vertebral column. They typically extend from T12 to L3, although the right kidney is often situated slightly lower due to the presence of the liver.
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What Causes An Ectopic Kidney
An ectopic kidney is a birth defect that happens while the fetus is developing. Researchers dont know exactly what causes most birth defects, including ectopic kidney.
An ectopic kidney may result from
- a poorly developed kidney bud
- a problem in the kidney tissue that directs the developing kidney where to move
- a genetic defect that causes a genetic disorder
- an illness, infection, or drug or chemical reaction during fetal growth
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What Causes Kidney Pain
Kidneys drain urine to the bladder via tubes called ureters. Your bladder is emptied via the urethra. Problems in any of these areas can cause pain, and may be caused by:
- an ultrasound
If you have had kidney stones in the past, it may not always be necessary to have a computed tomography scan, which exposes you to radiation. Ask your doctor if a CT scan is necessary for you. For further information, visit the Choosing Wisely Australia website.
What Causes Kidney Stones
Waste products in the blood can occasionally form crystals that collect inside the kidneys.
Over time, the crystals may build up to form a hard stone-like lump.
This is more likely to happen if you:
- do not drink enough fluids
- are taking some types of medication
- have a medical condition that raises the levels of certain substances in your urine
After a kidney stone has formed, your body will try to pass it out when you pee.
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When To Contact A Doctor
A person who is experiencing kidney pain should contact a doctor as soon as possible to find out what is causing it.
People must contact a doctor to diagnose and treat kidney pain. Receiving the correct treatment ensures that the kidneys do not become damaged, which can lead to kidney failure.
Doctors may order tests such as:
- urine tests, which can help them identify any infections
- imaging tests, such as CT or ultrasound scans
- cytology, which can help them identify cancer cells in the urine
Signs Of Acute Pyelonephritis
Acute pyelonephritis is a painful bacterial infection of the kidneys which occurs when bacteria enter the urethra, move into the bladder, travel up the ureters and affect the kidneys. It is usually caused by the bacterium Escherichia coli, but can sometimes be caused by other bacteria.
Acute pyelonephritis is a common kidney problem in females, especially those between the ages of 15 and 29. The condition is rare among males, although it is more common in men over the age of 65 or men with anatomical abnormalities of the urinary tract. It can, however, affect people of any age. Although it is quite uncomfortable, acute pyelonephritis is seldom a cause of long term kidney problems. Some underlying conditions can increase the risk of developing acute pyelonephritis. These include:
- Urinating painfully or with difficulty
- Producing no urine
- Low blood pressure, which can manifest as dizziness and/or faintness
In men and women older than 65, the above-mentioned symptoms may be absent, and additional symptoms may include:
- Confusion
- Jumbled speech
- Hallucinations
Good to know: In babies and toddlers, the only sign of acute pyelonephritis may be a high fever.
For more information, consult this resource on acute pyelonephritis. If you are worried that you or a loved one may have pyelonephritis, you can do a symptom assessment with Ada.
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Specific Symptoms Of Kidney Cyst:
A cyst is a pouch of skin filled with liquid. Cysts may form in the kidneys and sometimes do not cause any symptoms. Some of the symptoms that it can cause:
- Side or back pain
- If they get infected you will have fever and chills.
- You may have kidney function issues.
If there are no symptoms you will not need treatment, but if the cyst is causing issues you will need to have the cyst drained. This is done with ultrasound guidance and only done by medical professionals.
Image 7 : Here you can clearly see the liquid filled pouches on the kidney surface.Picture Source : www.mayoclinic.org
How Do You Know If You Have Kidney Pain
Kidney pain, or renal pain, is usually felt in your back . It can spread to other areas, like the sides, upper abdomen or groin. If you have a kidney stone, you usually feel the pain in your back, side, lower belly or groin.
Back pain due to muscle problems is usually in your lower back. Pain due to kidney problems is usually deeper and higher in your back, under your ribs.
Signs that it is a kidney problem can also include fever, vomiting, pain in your sides or painful urination.
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Does Kidney Failure Cause Pain
A progressive of kidney ailments causes kidney failure . Often irreversible, kidney failure is detectable through symptomatic causes that can be treated early but if progressed, the only remedy for kidney failures is transplants and dialysis. Owing to the fact that there may just be one kidney malfunction, the obvious symptoms may not be present and thus will go undetected. You will know it is chronic when both kidneys are affected .
References
What Is Kidney Pain
Kidney pain is discomfort that comes from the area where your kidneys are. It’s often described as a dull ache, you feel in your sides, back, or belly. But pain in these areas isn’t always a sign of a kidney issue. It’s easy to mistake kidney pain for ordinary back pain. But there are some differences in how kidney pain feels and where it’s located compared to back pain.
Kidney pain has many possible causes, and some could be serious. It’s important to let your doctor know if you notice pain that you think may be coming from one or both of these organs.
Where are your kidneys?
Your kidneys are two small organs shaped like beans. You have one on each side of your body. They’re each about the size of your fist. They’re below your rib cage on both sides of your spinal cord.
Your kidneys have important jobs. They clean out water, acids, and waste from your blood. They make urine so your body flushes out the waste. If they’re diseased or damaged in some way, they can’t do their work to maintain a healthy balance of salts, minerals like calcium, and water in your blood.
Your kidneys also make hormones that help you manage your blood pressure, keep your bones strong, and make red blood cells.
So it’s important to watch for any signs of kidney disease or damage, like pain.
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Right Side Abdominal Pain In Females
1. Menstrual Cramps
Now this one is undoubtedly for women only. At times, intense pain at the bodys right side may be due to a womans period. Menstrual cramps, at times, cause significant pain on the right side of the abdomen.
Anyone facing this should avoid taking any pain killer that may cause significant problems to the regular working of the human hormones. Thus, it should be tried to mellow down by using traditional techniques such as massaging the abdomen with warm oil or placing a hot water bag on it.
2. Ectopic Pregnancy
An ectopic pregnancy is when fertilization of the egg grows outside of the uterus, most likely in a fallopian tube. As the embryo begins to grow, it can cause the tube to burst. This can cause internal bleeding and severe pain on the right side. The pain may spread to the shoulder and back.
Ectopic Pregnancy can be a life-threatening emergency that may need immediate surgery immediately if you have missed a period for over 10 weeks and experiencing other symptoms such as vaginal discharge and headedness. You should see your doctor immediately.
3. Ovarian cyst
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that can be found on or inside a womans ovary. Common causes of ovarian cysts include pelvic infection, endometriosis, or hormonal problems. Cysts dont usually cause pain and may disappear even without medical treatment.
If you have other symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.
4. Pelvic inflammatory disease
Filtration Reabsorption And Secretion
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Pain On Right Side Of The Chest
1. Heart attack
Although the pain caused by heart disease usually occurs on the left side of the chest, this pain can sometimes spread to the right side of the chest.The pain caused by heart disease usually happens suddenly, and it feels like a heavyweight on your chest.
2. Heartburn
Heartburn is also a common cause of pain on the right side of the chest.When stomach acid returns from the stomach to the esophagus, it causes irritation and discomfort on the right side.This pain is similar to a heart attack because the esophagus and the heart are very close.However, the pain of heartburn usually does not radiate to other parts of the body.
3. Muscle strain or chest injury
Muscle strain is one of the common causes of pain on the right side of your chest. Depending on the cause of the injury, the pain may be mild or severe. You may feel chest pain around the ribs, especially when you move or breathe deeply. Usually, applying ice or getting plenty of rest can help repair the muscle tissues quickly.
Chest injuries are usually more severe conditions that cause excruciating pain on the right side. The pain typically occurs in the right side under the ribs. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, or low blood pressure. If the internal organs of the body are injured, you must seek medical attention in time.
4. Lung disease
5. Stress, panic, or anxiety
6. Costochondritis